{
  "status": "verified-estimate",
  "perServing": {
    "calories": 675,
    "protein": 40.2,
    "carbs": 86.7,
    "fat": 19.2,
    "sugar": 15
  },
  "servings": 4,
  "servingBasis": "1/4 of the complete recipe; finished serving weight not measured",
  "ingredientSnapshot": [
    "340 g dry spaghetti",
    "500 g 90%-lean ground beef",
    "1 onion (150 g), finely diced",
    "1 carrot (100 g), finely diced",
    "1 celery stalk (50 g), finely diced",
    "2 garlic cloves, minced",
    "2 tbsp olive oil",
    "2 tbsp tomato paste",
    "1 can (800 g) crushed tomatoes",
    "150 ml water",
    "½ tsp kosher salt",
    "¼ tsp pepper",
    "15 g chopped parsley",
    "Salt for pasta water"
  ],
  "method": "Ingredient-sum estimate using USDA with documented primary-source supplements; complete recipe divided by stated servings",
  "sources": [
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/169230/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/169736/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/169988/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170000/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170393/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170416/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170459/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170501/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170931/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/171413/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/171794/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/173468/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/174158/nutrients",
    "https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400535/Data/retn/USDA_CookingYields_MeatPoultry02.pdf",
    "https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400535/Data/retn/USDA_CookingYields_MeatPoultry02.xlsx",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-datasets/FoodData_Central_sr_legacy_food_csv_2018-04.zip"
  ],
  "notes": [
    "Estimated from listed ingredient amounts and USDA nutrient profiles, divided by the stated number of servings. Not laboratory analysis or kitchen testing.",
    "The ingredient-sum method uses raw or cooked food profiles matching the ingredient state. Moisture gain/loss does not change the stated serving count. No general cooking/fermentation nutrient-retention factors are applied.",
    "Unless a discard/absorption blocker is listed, all measured pan fats and sauces are assumed consumed. Actual amounts left in pans, on utensils or during cooking can reduce intake. Optional additions are excluded when noted.",
    "Calories are kcal. Protein, total carbohydrate, total fat and total sugar are grams. Total carbohydrate includes fiber; these are not net carbs. No %DV or FDA-compliance claim.",
    "Null means unavailable, never zero. Sodium and fiber are omitted because retention, brands, rinsing and missing source rows make them less reliable here.",
    "Lower-confidence cooking-yield estimate: the stated90%-lean beef is represented by USDA cooked90/10 crumbles at69% of raw weight, using USDA’s under12%-fat drained-crumbles study (n=4; observed yield67.08–69.53%). This is not a measured household yield. All other listed ingredients, including any added cooking oil, are counted in full; discarded oil/vegetable juices can reduce actual calories and fat. No arbitrary retained-fat fraction is invented.",
    "The spaghetti estimate assumes the optional drain-if-necessary step is performed, using the drained-crumbles research model. If you keep all rendered beef fat instead, actual calories and fat can be higher than this estimate."
  ],
  "ingredients": [
    {
      "sourceIndex": 0,
      "sourceText": "340 g dry spaghetti",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "pasta",
          "fdc_id": "169736",
          "foodDescription": "Pasta, dry, enriched",
          "foodState": "Pasta, dry, enriched",
          "quantity": 340,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [
            "Generic dry enriched wheat pasta; shape has no assumed nutrient effect."
          ],
          "grams": 340,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 371,
            "protein": 13.04,
            "carbs": 74.67,
            "fat": 1.51,
            "sugar": 2.67
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 1261.4,
            "protein": 44.33599999999999,
            "carbs": 253.878,
            "fat": 5.1339999999999995,
            "sugar": 9.078
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 1,
      "sourceText": "500 g 90%-lean ground beef",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "beef90_cooked",
          "fdc_id": "171794",
          "foodDescription": "Beef, ground, 90% lean meat / 10% fat, crumbles, cooked, pan-browned",
          "foodState": "Beef, ground, 90% lean meat / 10% fat, crumbles, cooked, pan-browned",
          "quantity": 345,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [
            "Cooked mass is estimated from raw ingredient mass using the USDA mean69% yield for under12%-fat ground-beef crumbles. Study observed67.08–69.53% yields, n=4; actual brand, cooking and draining technique may vary beyond that range. The broad-cohort mean is an explicit model assumption, not a kitchen measurement."
          ],
          "grams": 345,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "USDA-specific-cooking-yield-estimate",
            "rawGrams": 500,
            "meanYieldFraction": 0.69,
            "cookedGrams": 345,
            "source": "https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400535/Data/retn/USDA_CookingYields_MeatPoultry02.xlsx",
            "methodSource": "https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400535/Data/retn/USDA_CookingYields_MeatPoultry02.pdf",
            "worksheet": "USDA Cooking Yields",
            "excelRow": 21,
            "sourceRow": {
              "A21": "13",
              "B21": "23565",
              "C21": "Beef, ground, low fat (<12%), crumbles",
              "D21": "Pan-fried",
              "E21": "69",
              "F21": "4",
              "G21": "1.083",
              "H21": "67.08",
              "I21": "69.53",
              "J21": "-29.56",
              "K21": "-1.39",
              "L21": "2002"
            },
            "cohort": "Ground beef below12% fat, crumbles; 4 study samples; pan-cooked without added fat and drained in a colander.",
            "applicability": "90%-lean (10% fat) canonical beef belongs to the under12% fat cohort. USDA90/10 cooked pan-browned profile applied to estimated cooked mass. This is representative research yield, not a measured recipe yield."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 230,
            "protein": 28.45,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 12.04,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 793.5,
            "protein": 98.1525,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 41.53799999999999,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "status": "mapped",
          "rawIngredientGrams": 500,
          "additionalSources": [
            "https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400535/Data/retn/USDA_CookingYields_MeatPoultry02.xlsx",
            "https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400535/Data/retn/USDA_CookingYields_MeatPoultry02.pdf"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 2,
      "sourceText": "1 onion (150 g), finely diced",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "onion",
          "fdc_id": "170000",
          "foodDescription": "Onions, raw",
          "foodState": "Onions, raw",
          "quantity": 150,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [
            "Raw onion profile represents red, yellow or white onion."
          ],
          "grams": 150,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 40,
            "protein": 1.1,
            "carbs": 9.34,
            "fat": 0.1,
            "sugar": 4.24
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 60,
            "protein": 1.65,
            "carbs": 14.01,
            "fat": 0.15,
            "sugar": 6.36
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 3,
      "sourceText": "1 carrot (100 g), finely diced",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "carrot",
          "fdc_id": "170393",
          "foodDescription": "Carrots, raw",
          "foodState": "Carrots, raw",
          "quantity": 100,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 100,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 41,
            "protein": 0.93,
            "carbs": 9.58,
            "fat": 0.24,
            "sugar": 4.74
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 41,
            "protein": 0.93,
            "carbs": 9.58,
            "fat": 0.24,
            "sugar": 4.74
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 4,
      "sourceText": "1 celery stalk (50 g), finely diced",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "celery",
          "fdc_id": "169988",
          "foodDescription": "Celery, raw",
          "foodState": "Celery, raw",
          "quantity": 50,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 50,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 14,
            "protein": 0.69,
            "carbs": 2.97,
            "fat": 0.17,
            "sugar": 1.34
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 7,
            "protein": 0.345,
            "carbs": 1.485,
            "fat": 0.085,
            "sugar": 0.67
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 5,
      "sourceText": "2 garlic cloves, minced",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "garlic",
          "fdc_id": "169230",
          "foodDescription": "Garlic, raw",
          "foodState": "Garlic, raw",
          "quantity": 2,
          "unit": "each",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 6,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "USDA-food-portion",
            "portionRow": {
              "id": "84480",
              "fdc_id": "169230",
              "seq_num": "3",
              "amount": "1",
              "measure_unit_id": "9999",
              "portion_description": "",
              "modifier": "clove",
              "gram_weight": "3",
              "data_points": "",
              "footnote": "",
              "min_year_acquired": ""
            },
            "scaling": "2.0 each; 16 tbsp = 48 tsp = 1 US customary cup; 1 cup = 236.5882365 ml when converting metric liquid volume.",
            "weightAssumption": "Representative USDA unit size for unspecified count."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 149,
            "protein": 6.36,
            "carbs": 33.06,
            "fat": 0.5,
            "sugar": 1
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 8.94,
            "protein": 0.38160000000000005,
            "carbs": 1.9836,
            "fat": 0.03,
            "sugar": 0.06
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 6,
      "sourceText": "2 tbsp olive oil",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "olive_oil",
          "fdc_id": "171413",
          "foodDescription": "Oil, olive, salad or cooking",
          "foodState": "Oil, olive, salad or cooking",
          "quantity": 2,
          "unit": "tbsp",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 27,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "USDA-food-portion",
            "portionRow": {
              "id": "88667",
              "fdc_id": "171413",
              "seq_num": "1",
              "amount": "1",
              "measure_unit_id": "9999",
              "portion_description": "",
              "modifier": "tablespoon",
              "gram_weight": "13.5",
              "data_points": "",
              "footnote": "",
              "min_year_acquired": ""
            },
            "scaling": "2.0 tbsp; 16 tbsp = 48 tsp = 1 US customary cup; 1 cup = 236.5882365 ml when converting metric liquid volume.",
            "weightAssumption": "USDA household weight for the specified food and form."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 884,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 100,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 238.68,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 27,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 7,
      "sourceText": "2 tbsp tomato paste",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "tomato_paste",
          "fdc_id": "170459",
          "foodDescription": "Tomato products, canned, paste, without salt added (Includes foods for USDA's Food Distribution Program)",
          "foodState": "Tomato products, canned, paste, without salt added (Includes foods for USDA's Food Distribution Program)",
          "quantity": 2,
          "unit": "tbsp",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 32,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "USDA-food-portion",
            "portionRow": {
              "id": "86698",
              "fdc_id": "170459",
              "seq_num": "3",
              "amount": "1",
              "measure_unit_id": "9999",
              "portion_description": "",
              "modifier": "tbsp",
              "gram_weight": "16",
              "data_points": "",
              "footnote": "",
              "min_year_acquired": ""
            },
            "scaling": "2.0 tbsp; 16 tbsp = 48 tsp = 1 US customary cup; 1 cup = 236.5882365 ml when converting metric liquid volume.",
            "weightAssumption": "USDA household weight for the specified food and form."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 82,
            "protein": 4.32,
            "carbs": 18.91,
            "fat": 0.47,
            "sugar": 12.18
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 26.24,
            "protein": 1.3824,
            "carbs": 6.0512,
            "fat": 0.15039999999999998,
            "sugar": 3.8975999999999997
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 8,
      "sourceText": "1 can (800 g) crushed tomatoes",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "tomato_crushed",
          "fdc_id": "170501",
          "foodDescription": "Tomatoes, crushed, canned",
          "foodState": "Tomatoes, crushed, canned",
          "quantity": 800,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 800,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 32,
            "protein": 1.64,
            "carbs": 7.29,
            "fat": 0.28,
            "sugar": 4.4
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 256,
            "protein": 13.12,
            "carbs": 58.32,
            "fat": 2.24,
            "sugar": 35.2
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 9,
      "sourceText": "150 ml water",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "water",
          "fdc_id": "174158",
          "foodDescription": "Water, bottled, generic",
          "foodState": "Water, bottled, generic",
          "quantity": 150,
          "unit": "ml",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 150.26106338131484,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "USDA-food-portion",
            "portionRow": {
              "id": "93846",
              "fdc_id": "174158",
              "seq_num": "2",
              "amount": "1",
              "measure_unit_id": "9999",
              "portion_description": "",
              "modifier": "cup",
              "gram_weight": "237",
              "data_points": "2",
              "footnote": "",
              "min_year_acquired": ""
            },
            "scaling": "150.0 ml; 16 tbsp = 48 tsp = 1 US customary cup; 1 cup = 236.5882365 ml when converting metric liquid volume.",
            "weightAssumption": "USDA household weight for the specified food and form."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 0,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 0,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 0,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 0,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 10,
      "sourceText": "½ tsp kosher salt",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "salt",
          "fdc_id": "173468",
          "foodDescription": "Salt, table",
          "foodState": "Salt, table",
          "quantity": 0.5,
          "unit": "tsp",
          "notes": [
            "Salt has zero calories/protein/carbs/fat/sugar in USDA; sodium is not included."
          ],
          "grams": 3,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "USDA-food-portion",
            "portionRow": {
              "id": "92594",
              "fdc_id": "173468",
              "seq_num": "1",
              "amount": "1",
              "measure_unit_id": "9999",
              "portion_description": "",
              "modifier": "tsp",
              "gram_weight": "6",
              "data_points": "",
              "footnote": "",
              "min_year_acquired": ""
            },
            "scaling": "0.5 tsp; 16 tbsp = 48 tsp = 1 US customary cup; 1 cup = 236.5882365 ml when converting metric liquid volume.",
            "weightAssumption": "USDA household weight for the specified food and form."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 0,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 0,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 0,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 0,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 11,
      "sourceText": "¼ tsp pepper",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "black_pepper",
          "fdc_id": "170931",
          "foodDescription": "Spices, pepper, black",
          "foodState": "Spices, pepper, black",
          "quantity": 0.25,
          "unit": "tsp",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 0.575,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "USDA-food-portion",
            "portionRow": {
              "id": "87560",
              "fdc_id": "170931",
              "seq_num": "1",
              "amount": "1",
              "measure_unit_id": "9999",
              "portion_description": "",
              "modifier": "tsp, ground",
              "gram_weight": "2.3",
              "data_points": "63",
              "footnote": "",
              "min_year_acquired": ""
            },
            "scaling": "0.25 tsp; 16 tbsp = 48 tsp = 1 US customary cup; 1 cup = 236.5882365 ml when converting metric liquid volume.",
            "weightAssumption": "USDA household weight for the specified food and form."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 251,
            "protein": 10.39,
            "carbs": 63.95,
            "fat": 3.26,
            "sugar": 0.64
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 1.44325,
            "protein": 0.0597425,
            "carbs": 0.3677125,
            "fat": 0.018744999999999998,
            "sugar": 0.00368
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 12,
      "sourceText": "15 g chopped parsley",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "parsley",
          "fdc_id": "170416",
          "foodDescription": "Parsley, fresh",
          "foodState": "Parsley, fresh",
          "quantity": 15,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 15,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 36,
            "protein": 2.97,
            "carbs": 6.33,
            "fat": 0.79,
            "sugar": 0.85
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 5.4,
            "protein": 0.44550000000000006,
            "carbs": 0.9495,
            "fat": 0.11850000000000001,
            "sugar": 0.1275
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 13,
      "sourceText": "Salt for pasta water",
      "components": [
        {
          "status": "excluded",
          "reason": "Salted cooking water discarded - no macronutrients and sodium not estimated"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "missingNutrients": {},
  "perNutrientStatus": {
    "calories": "verified-estimate",
    "protein": "verified-estimate",
    "carbs": "verified-estimate",
    "fat": "verified-estimate",
    "sugar": "verified-estimate"
  },
  "unroundedPerServing": {
    "calories": 674.9008124999999,
    "protein": 40.200685625,
    "carbs": 86.65625312499999,
    "fat": 19.176161249999996,
    "sugar": 15.034195
  },
  "reviewedAt": "2026-10-06",
  "inputSha256": "3b8f77af629c77380dfd30c31ac6d1f3c0bf6604ea36aced0343a8399bdebb39"
}