{
  "status": "verified-estimate",
  "perServing": {
    "calories": 506,
    "protein": 24.9,
    "carbs": 76.9,
    "fat": 11.5,
    "sugar": 4.9
  },
  "servings": 4,
  "servingBasis": "1/4 of the complete recipe; finished serving weight not measured",
  "ingredientSnapshot": [
    "20 g olive oil",
    "100 g yellow onion, finely diced",
    "6 g garlic, finely minced",
    "250 g dried orzo pasta",
    "700 ml low-sodium vegetable broth",
    "100 ml water, added only as needed",
    "480 g canned cannellini beans, drained and rinsed weight",
    "240 g washed baby spinach",
    "60 g finely grated Parmesan, divided",
    "25 ml lemon juice",
    "3 g finely grated lemon zest",
    "1 g fine salt",
    "0.5 g ground black pepper"
  ],
  "method": "Ingredient-sum estimate using USDA with documented primary-source supplements; complete recipe divided by stated servings",
  "sources": [
    "https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/60538b91e90e07527df82ae4/McCance_Widdowsons_Composition_of_Foods_Integrated_Dataset_2021..xlsx",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/167747/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/167749/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/168462/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/169230/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/169736/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170000/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170848/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/170931/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/171413/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/171583/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/173468/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/174158/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2644287/nutrients",
    "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-datasets/FoodData_Central_sr_legacy_food_csv_2018-04.zip"
  ],
  "notes": [
    "Estimated from listed ingredient amounts and USDA nutrient profiles, divided by the stated number of servings. Not laboratory analysis or kitchen testing.",
    "The ingredient-sum method uses raw or cooked food profiles matching the ingredient state. Moisture gain/loss does not change the stated serving count. No general cooking/fermentation nutrient-retention factors are applied.",
    "Unless a discard/absorption blocker is listed, all measured pan fats and sauces are assumed consumed. Actual amounts left in pans, on utensils or during cooking can reduce intake. Optional additions are excluded when noted.",
    "Calories are kcal. Protein, total carbohydrate, total fat and total sugar are grams. Total carbohydrate includes fiber; these are not net carbs. No %DV or FDA-compliance claim.",
    "Null means unavailable, never zero. Sodium and fiber are omitted because retention, brands, rinsing and missing source rows make them less reliable here."
  ],
  "ingredients": [
    {
      "sourceIndex": 0,
      "sourceText": "20 g olive oil",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "olive_oil",
          "fdc_id": "171413",
          "foodDescription": "Oil, olive, salad or cooking",
          "foodState": "Oil, olive, salad or cooking",
          "quantity": 20,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 20,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 884,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 100,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 176.8,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 20,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 1,
      "sourceText": "100 g yellow onion, finely diced",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "onion",
          "fdc_id": "170000",
          "foodDescription": "Onions, raw",
          "foodState": "Onions, raw",
          "quantity": 100,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [
            "Raw onion profile represents red, yellow or white onion."
          ],
          "grams": 100,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 40,
            "protein": 1.1,
            "carbs": 9.34,
            "fat": 0.1,
            "sugar": 4.24
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 40,
            "protein": 1.1,
            "carbs": 9.34,
            "fat": 0.1,
            "sugar": 4.24
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 2,
      "sourceText": "6 g garlic, finely minced",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "garlic",
          "fdc_id": "169230",
          "foodDescription": "Garlic, raw",
          "foodState": "Garlic, raw",
          "quantity": 6,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 6,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 149,
            "protein": 6.36,
            "carbs": 33.06,
            "fat": 0.5,
            "sugar": 1
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 8.94,
            "protein": 0.38160000000000005,
            "carbs": 1.9836,
            "fat": 0.03,
            "sugar": 0.06
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 3,
      "sourceText": "250 g dried orzo pasta",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "pasta",
          "fdc_id": "169736",
          "foodDescription": "Pasta, dry, enriched",
          "foodState": "Pasta, dry, enriched",
          "quantity": 250,
          "unit": "g",
          "notes": [
            "Generic dry enriched wheat pasta; shape has no assumed nutrient effect."
          ],
          "grams": 250,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 371,
            "protein": 13.04,
            "carbs": 74.67,
            "fat": 1.51,
            "sugar": 2.67
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 927.5,
            "protein": 32.6,
            "carbs": 186.675,
            "fat": 3.775,
            "sugar": 6.675
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 4,
      "sourceText": "700 ml low-sodium vegetable broth",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "vegetable_broth",
          "fdc_id": "171583",
          "foodDescription": "Soup, vegetable broth, ready to serve",
          "foodState": "Soup, vegetable broth, ready to serve",
          "quantity": 700,
          "unit": "ml",
          "notes": [
            "Ready-to-serve vegetable broth used for low/reduced-sodium variants; sodium not estimated."
          ],
          "grams": 653.878663996889,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "USDA-food-portion",
            "portionRow": {
              "id": "89026",
              "fdc_id": "171583",
              "seq_num": "1",
              "amount": "1",
              "measure_unit_id": "9999",
              "portion_description": "",
              "modifier": "cup",
              "gram_weight": "221",
              "data_points": "40",
              "footnote": "",
              "min_year_acquired": ""
            },
            "scaling": "700.0 ml; 16 tbsp = 48 tsp = 1 US customary cup; 1 cup = 236.5882365 ml when converting metric liquid volume.",
            "weightAssumption": "USDA household weight for the specified food and form."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 5,
            "protein": 0.24,
            "carbs": 0.93,
            "fat": 0.07,
            "sugar": 0.55
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 32.69393319984445,
            "protein": 1.5693087935925336,
            "carbs": 6.081071575171069,
            "fat": 0.45771506479782237,
            "sugar": 3.5963326519828898
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 5,
      "sourceText": "100 ml water, added only as needed",
      "components": [
        {
          "ingredientKey": "water",
          "fdc_id": "174158",
          "foodDescription": "Water, bottled, generic",
          "foodState": "Water, bottled, generic",
          "quantity": 100,
          "unit": "ml",
          "notes": [],
          "grams": 100.17404225420988,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "USDA-food-portion",
            "portionRow": {
              "id": "93846",
              "fdc_id": "174158",
              "seq_num": "2",
              "amount": "1",
              "measure_unit_id": "9999",
              "portion_description": "",
              "modifier": "cup",
              "gram_weight": "237",
              "data_points": "2",
              "footnote": "",
              "min_year_acquired": ""
            },
            "scaling": "100.0 ml; 16 tbsp = 48 tsp = 1 US customary cup; 1 cup = 236.5882365 ml when converting metric liquid volume.",
            "weightAssumption": "USDA household weight for the specified food and form."
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 0,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 0,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 0,
            "protein": 0,
            "carbs": 0,
            "fat": 0,
            "sugar": 0
          },
          "status": "mapped"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "sourceIndex": 6,
      "sourceText": "480 g canned cannellini beans, drained and rinsed weight",
      "components": [
        {
          "status": "mapped",
          "ingredientKey": "cannellini_drained",
          "sourceCode": "2644287",
          "foodDescription": "Beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added, drained and rinsed",
          "foodState": "Beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added, drained and rinsed",
          "source_url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2644287/nutrients",
          "sourceType": "USDA Foundation Foods April 2026",
          "quantity": 480,
          "unit": "g",
          "grams": 480,
          "conversion": {
            "type": "stated-weight",
            "basis": "Canonical edible ingredient gram weight"
          },
          "per100g": {
            "calories": 112,
            "protein": 7.41,
            "fat": 1.17,
            "carbs": 18.8,
            "sugar": 0.7
          },
          "contribution": {
            "calories": 537.6,
            "protein": 35.568000000000005,
            "carbs": 90.24,
            "fat": 5.615999999999999,
            "sugar": 3.36
          },
          "sourceNutrientRows": {
            "foodClass": "FinalFood",
            "description": "Beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added, drained and rinsed",
            "foodNutrients": [
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293970,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1089,
                  "number": "303",
                  "name": "Iron, Fe",
                  "rank": 5400,
                  "unitName": "mg"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 1.77,
                "min": 1.08,
                "median": 1.33,
                "amount": 1.4
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293971,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1090,
                  "number": "304",
                  "name": "Magnesium, Mg",
                  "rank": 5500,
                  "unitName": "mg"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 32.3,
                "min": 26.5,
                "median": 29,
                "amount": 29.3
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293972,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1091,
                  "number": "305",
                  "name": "Phosphorus, P",
                  "rank": 5600,
                  "unitName": "mg"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 112,
                "min": 81.6,
                "median": 93.8,
                "amount": 94.7
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293973,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1092,
                  "number": "306",
                  "name": "Potassium, K",
                  "rank": 5700,
                  "unitName": "mg"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 245,
                "min": 176,
                "median": 200,
                "amount": 203
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293974,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1093,
                  "number": "307",
                  "name": "Sodium, Na",
                  "rank": 5800,
                  "unitName": "mg"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 225,
                "min": 56.7,
                "median": 165,
                "amount": 164
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293975,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1095,
                  "number": "309",
                  "name": "Zinc, Zn",
                  "rank": 5900,
                  "unitName": "mg"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 0.662,
                "min": 0.416,
                "median": 0.494,
                "amount": 0.516
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293976,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1098,
                  "number": "312",
                  "name": "Copper, Cu",
                  "rank": 6000,
                  "unitName": "mg"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 0.29,
                "min": 0.155,
                "median": 0.224,
                "amount": 0.219
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293977,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1002,
                  "number": "202",
                  "name": "Nitrogen",
                  "rank": 500,
                  "unitName": "g"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 1.36,
                "min": 0.98,
                "median": 1.2,
                "amount": 1.19
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293978,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1004,
                  "number": "204",
                  "name": "Total lipid (fat)",
                  "rank": 800,
                  "unitName": "g"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 1.42,
                "min": 0.99,
                "median": 1.14,
                "amount": 1.17
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293979,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1101,
                  "number": "315",
                  "name": "Manganese, Mn",
                  "rank": 6100,
                  "unitName": "mg"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 0.503,
                "min": 0.259,
                "median": 0.354,
                "amount": 0.369
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293980,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1007,
                  "number": "207",
                  "name": "Ash",
                  "rank": 1000,
                  "unitName": "g"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 1.33,
                "min": 0.81,
                "median": 1.06,
                "amount": 1.07
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293981,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1009,
                  "number": "209",
                  "name": "Starch",
                  "rank": 2200,
                  "unitName": "g"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 12,
                "min": 10.4,
                "median": 11.4,
                "amount": 11.3
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293982,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 2033,
                  "number": "293",
                  "name": "Total dietary fiber (AOAC 2011.25)",
                  "rank": 1300,
                  "unitName": "g"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 7.7,
                "min": 5.6,
                "median": 6.55,
                "amount": 6.76
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293983,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1051,
                  "number": "255",
                  "name": "Water",
                  "rank": 100,
                  "unitName": "g"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 73.8,
                "min": 69.7,
                "median": 71.4,
                "amount": 71.5
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33293984,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1087,
                  "number": "301",
                  "name": "Calcium, Ca",
                  "rank": 5300,
                  "unitName": "mg"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 88,
                "min": 53.4,
                "median": 67.2,
                "amount": 69.2
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33294009,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1003,
                  "number": "203",
                  "name": "Protein",
                  "rank": 600,
                  "unitName": "g"
                },
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "NC",
                  "description": "Calculated",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "code": "4",
                    "description": "Calculated or imputed"
                  }
                },
                "max": 8.5,
                "min": 6.12,
                "median": 7.53,
                "amount": 7.41
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33294010,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1005,
                  "number": "205",
                  "name": "Carbohydrate, by difference",
                  "rank": 1110,
                  "unitName": "g"
                },
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "NC",
                  "description": "Calculated",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "code": "4",
                    "description": "Calculated or imputed"
                  }
                },
                "amount": 18.8
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33294011,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 2047,
                  "number": "957",
                  "name": "Energy (Atwater General Factors)",
                  "rank": 280,
                  "unitName": "kcal"
                },
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "NC",
                  "description": "Calculated",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "code": "4",
                    "description": "Calculated or imputed"
                  }
                },
                "amount": 115
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 33294012,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 2048,
                  "number": "958",
                  "name": "Energy (Atwater Specific Factors)",
                  "rank": 290,
                  "unitName": "kcal"
                },
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "NC",
                  "description": "Calculated",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "code": "4",
                    "description": "Calculated or imputed"
                  }
                },
                "amount": 112
              },
              {
                "type": "FoodNutrient",
                "id": 34673988,
                "nutrient": {
                  "id": 1071,
                  "number": "283",
                  "name": "Resistant starch",
                  "rank": 2225,
                  "unitName": "g"
                },
                "dataPoints": 8,
                "foodNutrientDerivation": {
                  "code": "A",
                  "description": "Analytical",
                  "foodNutrientSource": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "code": "1",
                    "description": "Analytical or derived from analytical"
                  }
                },
                "max": 3,
                "min": 1,
                "median": 2,
                "amount": 2
              }
            ],
            "foodAttributes": [],
            "nutrientConversionFactors": [
              {
                "type": ".ProteinConversionFactor",
                "value": 6.25
              },
              {
                "type": ".CalorieConversionFactor",
                "proteinValue": 3.47,
                "nitrogenValue": 6.25,
                "fatValue": 8.37,
                "carbohydrateValue": 4.07
              }
            ],
            "isHistoricalReference": false,
            "ndbNumber": 100316,
            "foodCategory": {
              "description": "Legumes and Legume Products"
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            "dataType": "Foundation",
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              {
                "id": 312693,
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                  "abbreviation": "RACC"
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                "gramWeight": 130,
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                "amount": 1
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            ],
            "publicationDate": "10/26/2023",
            "inputFoods": [
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                "id": 123939,
                "foodDescription": "beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added",
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                  "foodClass": "Composite",
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                "id": 123938,
                "foodDescription": "beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added",
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              },
              {
                "id": 123936,
                "foodDescription": "beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added",
                "inputFood": {
                  "foodClass": "Composite",
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                  "foodCategory": {
                    "id": 16,
                    "code": "1600",
                    "description": "Legumes and Legume Products"
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                  "fdcId": 2644400,
                  "dataType": "Sample",
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                }
              },
              {
                "id": 123934,
                "foodDescription": "beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added",
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                  "foodClass": "Composite",
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                    "code": "1600",
                    "description": "Legumes and Legume Products"
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                  "dataType": "Sample",
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              },
              {
                "id": 123931,
                "foodDescription": "beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added",
                "inputFood": {
                  "foodClass": "Composite",
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                    "code": "1600",
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                "id": 123920,
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                "id": 123918,
                "foodDescription": "beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added",
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                "id": 123914,
                "foodDescription": "beans, cannellini, canned, sodium added",
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            "Exact canned, drained and rinsed food-state match from USDA Foundation. Uses food-specific Atwater energy (2048), not a zero caused by absence of legacy 1008 energy.",
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            }
          }
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            "basis": "Canonical ingredient mass; exact avoirdupois ounce/pound conversion where needed."
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        {
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        {
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        {
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            "Salt has zero calories/protein/carbs/fat/sugar in USDA; sodium is not included."
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